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public:nnels:cataloguing:metadata-cleanup [2024/04/05 18:32]
robert.macgregor |
public:nnels:cataloguing:metadata-cleanup [2024/04/08 16:47]
robert.macgregor |
| ===3.1 Subject=== | ===3.1 Subject=== |
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| These are subject headings that will be applied to the item. Currently we use FAST subject headings and copy catalogue them from OCLC. The website is: [[http://classify.oclc.org/classify2/]] | These are subject headings that will be applied to the item. Currently we use FAST subject headings and copy catalogue them from MarcEdit via the Z39.50 module or from [[https://search.worldcat.org/ | WorldCat]]. |
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| | <note>Remove Subject Heading ''Blacks'' from any title. We no longer use the Subject Heading ''Blacks'' as it is a culturally outdated term. We do accept more precise Subject Headings including ''Black race'', ''Author, Black'', ''Women, Black'' etc. Check [[https://search.worldcat.org/ | WorldCat]] or LC for the appropriate Subject Heading to use for each title.</note> |
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| | This is an important field that can be difficult at times. There will usually be multiple entries. We want at least one. |
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| | We use FAST Subject Headings (and remove the rest). They are essentially simplified Library of Congress (LoC) Subject Headings. Over time working with them, they will become easier to recognize and get a feel for. Most of the time, FAST Subject Headings will just be copied directly from a source - the following discussion about LoC Subject Headings may come in handy for spotting FAST vs. LoC Subject Headings, and also for times when you may need to convert LoC to FAST. |
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| | FAST Subject Headings are usually comprised of a single term, whereas LoC Subject Headings tend towards multiple terms. |
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| | An LoC term may look like this:\\ |
| | **Refugees%%--%%Cambodia** |
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| | FAST would handle it this way:\\ |
| | **Refugees**\\ |
| | **Cambodia**\\ |
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| | Essentially splitting the Subject Heading into 2 terms. |
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| | There are also instances where FAST can have multiple terms as well. |
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| | LoC term:\\ |
| | **Women%%--%%Social conditions** |
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| | FAST term:\\ |
| | **Women%%--%%Social conditions** |
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| | This is generally rare as most FAST headings are just a single term (as in the Cambodia example above, so you can't just do this all the time), but you will see certain terms again and again (for example, **Murder%%--%%Investigation** is common for mystery novels). |
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| | You can check [[https://fast.oclc.org/searchfast/ | searchFAST]] to verify how certain terms are handled. Over time you will learn to spot which Subject Headings are likely to use 2 terms, but searchFAST is always a good resource for this. |
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| | Also be aware that some FAST syntaxes are different than LoC. For example, place names. |
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| | LoC: **Georgia (Atla.)**\\ |
| | FAST: **Atlanta%%--%%Georgia** |
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| | LoC is City first with State/Province/Country in parentheses. FAST is State/Province/Country%%--%%City. So, take care when manually converting LoC subject terms to FAST. There are also other differences, for example when dealing with people's names and their birth and death dates, and when dealing with named events (for example the Vietnam War). Again, use [[https://fast.oclc.org/searchfast/ | searchFAST]] to get the general syntax, and then you will know going forward. |
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| | The majority of FAST terms can simply be derived from LoC terms by just taking the first part of the LoC subject term. This is most apparent when it comes to fiction.\\ |
| | LoC adds the term %%--%%Fiction at the end of subject terms for works of fiction. For example:\\ |
| | **Missing persons%%--%%Fiction**\\ |
| | The FAST term would just be:\\ |
| | **Missing persons** |
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| | **Where to find FAST subject terms** |
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| | OCLC Classify was the best place to get these terms, however it has shut down. These are generally the easiest alternatives, however if I can find something that works better I will incorporate it. |
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| | 1. Z39.50. The best way to search for records in Z39.50 is by using the ISBN. This will generally return multiple records for the same item. Check each record until you find one with FAST subject headings. If the records for a particular ISBN don't have FAST subject headings, try different ISBNs (ie: Paperback vs. Hard cover vs. Large print vs. Audiobook vs. etc.). Failing that, search via title and author. Searching via title often yields pages of irrelevant records. If you must use a title search, use the AND operator and second search box to search for author Name. |
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| | 2. [[https://search.worldcat.org/ | WorldCat.org]] - This is probably the better bet, and faster. This OCLC website allows you to search by title and/or author. It will return separate entries for each form of the item (ie: print, audiobook, ebook, etc.). Generally the print entries are the best to use. |
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| | After searching, click on the result and in the result page click on "Show more information" to get a variety of information, including subject headings (listed as "Subjects") - the first few subject headings will show on-screen. Click "Show more" to see all of them. |
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| | Subject headings will be a mix of LoC, FAST, French, BISAC, and more. FAST will become recognizable with experience. Here is an annotated screenshot of the subject headings for Gone Girl (Gillian Flynn): |
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| | {{:public:nnels:cataloguing:worldcat_subjects_gone_girl.png?600|}} |
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| | FAST subject headings are marked with a Green Star. Notice that LoC terms are similar - in this case they just have the term Fiction at the end. |
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| | The terms that WorldCat provides do not have subfields or double dashes (%%--%%), however when there is a capitalized word (ie: "Fiction" in the LoC examples) that usually indicates a break in the Subject Heading. |
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| | Note: Wives Crimes against. This is a FAST term and by noticing the capitalization of Crimes, we can tell that the form should be "Wives%%--%%Crimes" against. That will need to be changed when copied into the Subject field in Drupal. Moving forward, "&&--&&Crimes against" is now recognizable as a secondary FAST term that you can spot in the future. |
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| | You may also see terms that identify the genre of the item. This is what the Genre field is for, and so can be omitted in the Subject field. In the past, before LoC created a genre taxonomy, genre terms were put in the Subject field, but that is an outdated method. BISAC terms are also genre identifying so can be left out. However, these terms are a good guide as to what the genre is, and so can be helpful in creating the Genre Terms. |
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| | For example you may omit this term from the Subject field: |
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| | **Detective and mystery fiction**\\ |
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| | There are also deprecated LoC terms to keep an eye out for - some of the old Genre terms for fiction ended in "stories" but the new ones end in "fiction" - for example: |
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| | **Detective and mystery stories**\\ |
| | **Romance stories**\\ |
| | **Love stories**\\ |
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| | These can be omitted as well. |
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| <note>Remove Subject Heading ''Blacks'' from any title. We no longer use the Subject Heading ''Blacks'' as it is a culturally outdated term. We do accept more precise Subject Headings including ''Black race'', ''Author, Black'', ''Women, Black'' etc. Check OCLC or LC for the appropriate Subject Heading to use for each title.</note> | |
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| *Search by title. If it is a pretty generic title you may get a lot of hits (hundreds), in which case include the author's last name in your search. | *Search by title. If it is a pretty generic title you may get a lot of hits (hundreds), in which case include the author's last name in your search. |
